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A public menorah is a large menorah displayed publicly during the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah. It is done to celebrate the holiday and publicize the miracle of Hanukkah, and is typically accompanied by a public event during one of the nights of Hanukkah attended by invited dignitaries who are honored with lighting the menorah. Public menorah lighting were initiated by Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson in 1974. The most prominent public menorah celebration takes place in Washington DC, and is known as the National Menorah. In 2013 Chabad planned 15,000 public menorah lighting events across the globe. ==History== The concept of lighting a menorah in a way that allows the public to see it dates back to ancient times, where menorahs were lit outside of people's homes in order to publicize the miracle of Hanukkah. The concept of lighting a large menorah in public was initiated by Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson, known as the Lubavitcher Rebbe. In 1973 Rabbi Schneerson announced his Hanukkah-awareness campaign, encouraging his followers and emissaries to reach out to their fellow Jews and give them the opportunity to kindle the Hanukkah lights. That year they distributed some 60,000 tin menorahs.〔http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/12/18/menorah-medina/?_r=0〕 In 1974, in continuation of Rabbi Schneerson's Hanukkah awareness campaign, when Rabbi Abraham Shemtov kindled a menorah at the foot of the Liberty Bell at Independence Hall.〔(''Spreading like wildfire, but public menorah lightings still controversial'', JTA, December 5, 2006 )〕 The following year, in 1975, rock promoter Bill Graham sponsored Chabad's menorah in San Francisco.〔Fishkoff, Sue. "The Rebbe's Army, page 288〕 Since 1974, the concept of public menorahs has expanded. In 1979, President Jimmy Carter participated in the lighting of the public menorah erected by Chabad. In 2013, Chabad planned 15,000 public menorah lighting events across the globe.〔Chabad.org ("Chabad-Lubavitch's Global Chanukah Campaign" )〕 And in 2014, the public menorah in Washington, D.C. was kindled by Vice President Joe Biden. Scholars have cited this initiative by Rabbi Schneerson as a prime factor in Hanukkah becoming such a widely celebrated festival.〔Joshua Eli Plaut, ''A Kosher Christmas: 'Tis the Season to be Jewish''. Rutgers University Press, 2012. Page 167.〕〔Joseph Telushkin, ''Rebbe: The Life and Teachings of Menachem M. Schneerson, the Most Influential Rabbi in Modern History''. HarperCollins, 2014. Page 269.〕〔Menachem Posner, (40 Years Later: How the Chanukah Menorah Made Its Way to the Public Sphere ). December 1, 2014.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「public menorah」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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